Charles Howenstine DDS | Why Gum Recession Happens and What Can Be Done About It

Charles Howenstine DDS

Charles Howenstine DDS explains that gum recession is one of those conditions that tends to develop slowly and go unnoticed until it has already caused significant exposure of the root surface. By the time patients report that their teeth look longer or feel more sensitive, recession has usually been progressing for some time.

Recession occurs when the gum tissue that surrounds the tooth migrates downward, exposing the root. Unlike the enamel-covered crown of the tooth, the root surface is covered by a softer material called cementum that is much more vulnerable to decay and wear. Once exposed, root surfaces require careful management to prevent rapid deterioration.

The causes of recession are varied. Aggressive brushing is one of the most common. Over time, too much pressure with a hard or medium-bristle brush erodes both enamel and gum tissue. Gum disease is another major driver, as the inflammation and infection associated with periodontal disease destroy the attachment between the gum tissue and the tooth. Tooth position, thin gum tissue biotype, and a history of orthodontic treatment can also contribute.

When recession is identified early, arresting the cause is the most important first step. If aggressive brushing is responsible, correcting technique and switching to a soft brush can stop further recession in many cases. If gum disease is the cause, treating and arresting the inflammation is the priority.

Charles Howenstine DDS notes that recession that has already occurred does not reverse on its own. Soft tissue grafting is the primary surgical option when recession has progressed to a point where natural tissue cannot recover. Grafting can cover exposed root surfaces, protect against further loss, and reduce sensitivity.

Prevention remains far more straightforward than repair. Monitoring gum levels at routine visits, maintaining proper brushing technique, and keeping inflammation arrested are the most reliable strategies for slowing or stopping recession before it becomes a surgical problem.